Body Weight, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Rats Fed Normal-Fat, High-Fat, and Ketogenic Diets Supplemented with Vitamin D

Ketogenic (KD) and high-fat (HFD) diets vitamin D (VD) produce variable effects on insulin secretion body weight (BW), but mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the of normal fat (NFD), KD, HFD with without VD BW serum glucose, insulin, VD, resistance, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha in rats. Three isocaloric NFD, containing respectively protein-carbohydrate-fat (NFD: 14.8%-75.7%-9.5%; KD:20.2%-10.3%-69.5%; HFD:15.2%-42.7-42.0%) three other similar (1000 IU/kg) were used. Forty-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats used, 5 sacrificed at start, remainders randomly divided into NFD (n=15) (n=25), fed for 8 weeks, then from each sacrificed. 2 subgroups (n=5) NFD-VD, 4 HFD, HFD-VD, KD-VD further all food intake measured, conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated, biological variables determined following standard protocols. change FCR (-15.6± -10.13g; 0.033±0.350 respectively) lowest (P<0.05) compared to those KD (144.8±1.47g; 0.189±0.050), HFD-VD (143.0±8.49g; 0.187±0.100), (155.8±0.3g; 0.203±0.010), NFD-VD (142.8±6.34g; 0.183±0.009), (51.0±1.02g; 0.074±0.110) respectively. correlated (P<0.01) (r=0.752), % carbohydrate (r=0.292), (r=0.341). None affected biomarkers. Results clearly show BW-reducing that may be mediated by changes dietary proportion.